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The conventional analog cameras are very simple, with the simple task of exactly revealing a piece of film though a lens and shutter. All of the clever work is done externally, both before the shot is taken, when the film is 'designed' and 'made' and also afterwards when the film is 'processed'.
A digital camera is by comparison a very complicated device, with all the image processing undertaken internally by the cameras' electronics. It has to undertake a vast range of tasks in order to capture the image, process it and then store it within a digital form.
Of course, the digital camera still needs all the same physical parts as the analogue camera, such as lens, shutter and focusing mechanism, but rather than simply having film to react to the light that makes up the image, the camera must have internally all of the electronics necessary to capture the light and change it into a digital image file.
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